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Michele MARIANI
Ricercatore Universitario Dipartimento di Comunicazione ed Economia
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Pubblicazioni
2023
- Physician density: will we ever close the gap?
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferretti, Fabrizio; Mariani, Michele; Sarti, Elena
abstract
Objective: Physician density is a crucial element of a well-functioning health system. Previous research has investigated factors affecting country-level physician supply. To date, however, no evidence has been provided about the patterns of convergence in physician density among countries. This paper thus tested club convergence in physician density in 204 countries worldwide from 1990 to 2019. A nonlinear time-varying factor model was adopted to identify potential clubs, wherein groups of countries tend to converge towards the same level of physician density. Our primary purpose was to document the potential long-lasting disparity in future global physician distribution. Results: Despite physician density increasing in all regions globally from 1990 to 2019, we found no evidence in favor of the hypothesis of global convergence. Conversely, the clustering algorithm successfully identified three main patterns (i.e., three final clubs). With few exceptions, the results indicated an uneven physician distribution between the majority of North and Sub-Saharan African countries (where physician density would remain well below the estimated threshold of at least 70% of the Universal Health Coverage Services Index) and the rest of the world. These findings support the WHO's global strategy to reverse the chronic under-investment in human resources for health.
2022
- Does the Prevalence of Obesity Affect the Demand for Soft Drinks? Evidence from Cross-Country Panel Data
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferretti, Fabrizio; Mariani, Michele; Sarti, Elena
abstract
The impact of soft drinks on obesity has been widely investigated during the last decades. Conversely, the role of obesity as a factor influencing the demand for soft drinks remains largely unexplored. However, understanding potential changes in the demand for soft drinks, as a result of changes in the spread of obesity, may be useful to better design a comprehensive strategy to curb soft drink consumption. In this paper, we aim to answer the following research question: Does the prevalence of obesity affect the demand for soft drinks? For this purpose, we collected data in a sample of 97 countries worldwide for the period 2005–2019. To deal with problems of reverse causality, an instrumental variable approach and a two-stage least squares method were used to estimate the impact of the age-standardized obesity rate on the market demand for soft drinks. After controlling for several demographic and socio-economic confounding factors, we found that a one percent increase in the prevalence of obesity increases the consumption of soft drinks and carbonated soft drinks by about 2.37 and 1.11 L per person/year, respectively. Our findings corroborate the idea that the development of an obesogenic food environment is a self-sustaining process, in which obesity and unhealthy lifestyles reinforce each other, and further support the need for an integrated approach to curb soft drink consumption by combining sugar taxes with bans, regulations, and nutrition education programs.
2022
- Patterns of Deindustrialization: Are Countries Converging?
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferretti, Fabrizio; Mariani, Michele; Sarti, Elena
abstract
During the last decades, the share of manufacturing in aggregate output (and employment) has declined in almost all advanced and emerging economies. In this paper, we investigated the patterns of deindustrialization in a sample of 117 (low-, middle-, and high-income) countries from 1995 to 2018. To this aim, we applied the
nonlinear time-varying factor model, initially proposed by Phillips and Sul, to identify potential clubs wherein groups of countries converge toward a similar manufacturing share of GDP. Furthermore, we estimated an ordered logit model to assess the impact of economic globalization and technological revolution on the probability of falling into a particular club. Our results did not provide any support for the hypothesis of global
convergence. However, the clustering algorithm successfully identified four strong final clubs, where the share of manufacturing on GDP ranges, on average, from 6% to 18%. Finally, the logit model indicated that as the R&D expenditures and the technological content of manufactured goods increased, so did the likelihood of belonging to a club with a high share of manufacturing value-added on GDP
2022
- Testing Club Convergence in Female Smoking Prevalence
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferretti, Fabrizio; Mariani, Michele; Sarti, Elena
abstract
In this paper, we applied the concept of convergence to examine the evolution of smoking prevalence among women in 191 countries worldwide from 1990 to 2019. First, the non-linear time-varying factor model proposed by Phillips and Sul was adopted to identify potential clusters (clubs), wherein groups of countries converge to similar female smoking rates. Second, an ordered logit regression model was used to assess the impact of cigarette affordability on the probability of falling within a given cluster. The hypothesis of global convergence was rejected. However, the clustering algorithm successfully identified five and nine clubs, within countries with increasing and decreasing smoking prevalence, respectively. A higher relative income-price ratio (i.e., lower cigarette affordability) increased the likelihood of belonging to a club of countries with a low prevalence of female tobacco smoking.
2021
- Female smoking prevalence: Are we moving toward a tobacco free-world?
[Working paper]
Ferretti, F; Mariani, M; Sarti, E
abstract
In this paper, we applied the concept of convergence to examine the evolution of smoking prevalence among women in 191 countries worldwide during the period 1990–2019. The nonlinear time-varying factor model proposed by Phillips and Sul was adopted to identify potential clusters (clubs), wherein groups of countries converge to similar female smoking rates. An ordered logit regression model was used to assess the impact of cigarettes affordability on the probability of countries to fall within a given cluster. The hypothesis of global convergence was rejected.
2021
- Is the development of obesogenic food environments a self-reinforcing process? Evidence from soft drink consumption
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferretti, F.; Mariani, M.; Sarti, E.
abstract
Background: Understanding how the development of obesogenic food environments and the consumption of ultra-processed foods and beverages influence each other can help policymakers to identify effective ways to curb the current obesity epidemic. This paper was designed to investigate whether, and to what extent, the consumption of soft drinks and the prevalence of obesity are linked through feedback effects. Methods: An ecological study design and a simultaneous equation model were used to investigate the existence of a vicious cycle between the consumption of soft drinks and the prevalence of obesity. The analysis was based on a longitudinal dataset covering per capita sales of soft drinks, the age-standardised prevalence rate of obesity and several demographic and socio-economic control variables in a sample of 98 countries worldwide for the period 2005–2019. Results: Using a Two-Stage Least Squares (2SLS) regression model with fixed effects, we documented a self-reinforcing process that links consumption and obesity. Changes in the spread of obesity were associated with changes in soft drink consumption: a one-unit increase in the age-adjusted prevalence rate of obesity increased consumption by about 2.39 l per person per year. Similarly, as the consumption of soft drinks rose, so did the prevalence of obesity: the age-adjusted rate of obesity increased by 0.07% for every additional litre consumed per capita. Computing the impact multipliers, we found that the outcome of a one-unit decrease in the average price of soft drinks was twofold: a) the prevalence of obesity increased by around 0.17%; and b) consumption increased by around 2.40 l per person, the sum of the increase directly caused by the price reduction (2 l) and the increase due to the interplay between consumption and obesity (0.4 l). Conclusions: This study has identified a feedback loop between unhealthy habits (i.e. the consumption of soft drinks) and health outcomes (i.e. the prevalence of obesity). This interplay amplifies the impact of any exogenous changes in the determinants of consumption and obesity. These feedback effects should be considered and exploited in planning effective strategies to tackle the burden of obesity and the global epidemic of non-communicable diseases.
2020
- Scienze cognitive e sociotecnica
[Articolo su rivista]
Bagnara, Sebastiano; Mariani, Michele; Parlangeli, Oronzo
abstract
The coeval cognitive psychology and sociotechnics developed without any reciprocal contacts, “without seeing each other”. Cognitive psychology and cognitive ergonomics had a
tremendous development in the design of digital artefacts but were not
engaged into group behavior and organizational change. On the contrary
sociotechnic did not afford the issues of mental and cognitive behavior in
digital setting. Now the challenge to protect the quality of working life of knowledge workers in new knowledge jobs requires a new alliance between
cognitive psychology and sociotechnics.
2019
- Salvagnini Face. Red Dot 2019 Design award winner
[Design]
Violante, Andrea; De Cia, Daniele; Cattani, Andrea; Mariani, Michele
abstract
Face is the corporate machinery operating system of the Salvagnini Group, aimed at unifying all existing as well as
future software suites for metal working machines. It merges different types of applications to create a
comprehensive and consistent design system. Thanks to fail-proof guided paths, visual production overviews and a
fully customisable dashboard, the system helps users be productive more quickly, manage strict deadlines more
easily and recover from failures without external assistance. Distributed across different machines, the consistent
and intuitive interface supports users in every phase of the production.
2019
- Sugar-sweetened beverage affordability and the prevalence of overweight and obesity in a cross section of countries
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferretti, Fabrizio; Mariani, Michele
abstract
Background: A key component of 'obesogenic environments' is the ready availability of convenient, calorie-dense foods, in the form of hyper-palatable and relatively inexpensive ultra-processed products. Compelling evidence indicates that the regular consumption of soft drinks, specifically carbonated and non-carbonated sugar-sweetened beverages (SSBs), has a significant impact on the prevalence of overweight and obesity. However, to implement country-level effective prevention programmes we need to supplement this evidence with quantitative knowledge of the relationships between overweight/obesity and the main determinants of SSB consumption, notably SSB prices and consumers' disposable income. Method: Affordability considers the simultaneous effects of both price and disposable income on the buying decision. The purpose of this study was to investigate the effect of SSB affordability on the consumers' purchasing behaviour and weight-related health outcomes. Our study was divided into three parts. First, we computed SSB consumption and affordability for approximately 150 countries worldwide. Second, we estimated a demand function for SSBs to assess the impact of affordability on consumption at the country level. Third, we used a multivariate regression model and country data on the prevalence of overweight and obesity to test the role of SSB affordability in the current obesity epidemic. Results: The analysis reveals that SSB affordability: 1) showed both a large variability across countries and a clear tendency to increase substantially with the level of economic development; 2) played a key role in determining cross-country differences in the amount of soft drink consumed per capita; and 3) was significantly associated with the prevalence rates of both overweight and obesity. Specifically, we show that a 10 % increase in SSB affordability was associated, on average, with approximately 0.4 more overweight/obese adults per 100 inhabitants. Conclusions: By controlling for the main possible confounding factors, our results clearly indicate that affordability is a major driver of purchasing behaviours and is significantly associated with the prevalence rates of both overweight and obesity. We thus suggest a fiscal approach to curb SSB consumption based on the effectiveness of 'soda taxes' to affect the long-term dynamic of SSB affordability.
2017
- Gender discrimination, gender disparities in obesity and human development
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferretti, Fabrizio; Mariani, Michele
abstract
Measuring gender inequality and women’s empowerment is essential to understand the determinants of gender gaps, evaluate policies and monitor countries’ progress. With this aim, over the past two decades, research has mainly been directed towards the development of composite indices. The purpose of this paper is to introduce a new and interdisciplinary perspective to the current debate on measuring gender inequality in human development. As a starting point, we develop a simple macroeconomic model of the interdependence between human development and gender inequality. We then introduce a biometric indicator, based on the ratio of female to male body mass index, to measure women’s empowerment at the country level. Finally, by using the latest available data, we examine the ability of this biometric indicator to capture countries’ performance in achieving gender equality. We obtain five main results: 1) we provide a theoretical framework to explain the joint determination of human development and gender inequality; 2) we show how to use this framework to simulate the impact of exogenous shocks or policy changes; 3) we demonstrate that exogenous changes have a direct and a multiplier effect on human development and gender inequality; 4) we find that the distribution of obesity between the female and male populations represents a useful proxy variable for measuring gender equality at the country level; 5) finally, we use these results to integrate and develop existing knowledge on the ‘ecological’ approach to the overweight and obesity pandemic.
2017
- Simple vs. Complex Carbohydrate Dietary Patterns and the Global Overweight and Obesity Pandemic
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferretti, Fabrizio; Mariani, Michele
abstract
Abstract: Nowadays, obesity and being overweight are among the major global health concerns.
Many, diet-related diseases impose high tangible and intangible costs, and threaten the
sustainability of health-care systems worldwide. In this study, we model, at the macroeconomic
level, the impact of energy intake from different types of carbohydrates on the population’s BMI
(body mass index). We proceed in three steps. First, we develop a framework to analyse both the
consumption choices between simple and complex carbohydrates and the effects of these choices
on people health conditions. Second, we collect figures for 185 countries (over the period 2012–2014)
regarding the shares of simple (sugar and sweetener) and complex (cereal) carbohydrates in each
country’s total dietary energy supply. Third, we use regression techniques to: (1) estimate the impact
of these shares on the country’s prevalence of obesity and being overweight; (2) compute for each
country an indicator of dietary pattern based on the ratio between simple and complex
carbohydrates, weighted by their estimated effects on the prevalence of obesity and being
overweight; and (3) measure the elasticity of the prevalence of obesity and being overweight with
respect to changes in both carbohydrate dietary pattern and income per capita. We find that
unhealthy eating habits and the associated prevalence of excessive body fat accumulation tend to
behave as a ‘normal good’ in low, medium- and high-HDI (Human Development Index) countries,
but as an ‘inferior good’ in very high-HDI countries.
2015
- The social efficiency of Tertiary Lifelong Learning. Initial insights from a European Research Project
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Krüger, Karsten; Duch, Nestor; Parellada, Marti; Osborne, Mike; Mariani, Michele; Jiménez, Laureano
abstract
Today’s working population is going through a noticeable transition: people
are working to a much older age. This is due partly to the acceleration of
the ageing process and partly to policies which delay the age of retirement.
This shift raises a number of questions about how to engage older people in
lifelong learning. This chapter makes some suggestions as to how Tertiary
Lifelong Learning (TLLL) can contribute to the well-being of older learners,
and how European Union universities might therefore respond to the
increasing demands for lifelong learning. We present the project ‘Tertiary
Higher Education for People in Mid-life’ (THEMP), an investigation that analyzed
TLLL provided by universities in seven EU member states. Focusing
on relevant labour market programmes and on the age of the participants,
the project evaluated how these programmes impact on the participants’ employability
and quality of life.
2012
- Airport Security: An Ethnographic Study
[Articolo su rivista]
Kirschenbaum, A.; Mariani, Michele; Lubasz, S.; Rapaport, C.; Andriessen, H.
abstract
This research, employing a behavioral science perspective of airport security, examinesactual security related decision behaviors through exploratory ethnographic observations. Thisobjective is aimed at providing the basis for describing the degree that formalistic rule and proceduresor informal social network interactions play a role in security decisions. Sampling employees from abroad spectrum of departments and occupations in several major airports across Europe, over sevenhundred (700) descriptive items gleaned from observations transcribed into story scripts wereanalyzed and categorized. The results clearly demonstrate that both formal (rule oriented) andinformal (social context) behavioral formats are present when security decisions are made. Therepetitive patterns of behavior allowed us to suggest a generic model that could then be applied to awide range of security related situations applicable for both security and non-security employees.What these descriptions clearly suggest is that even within the formal regulatory administrativeframework of airports, actual real-time security behaviors may deviate from rules and regulations toadapt to local situational contexts
2012
- Airports at risk: The impact of information sources on security decisions
[Articolo su rivista]
Kirschenbaum, A.; Mariani, Michele; Van Gulijk, C.; Rapaport, C.; Lubasz, S.
abstract
Security decisions in high risk organizations such as airports involve
obtaining ongoing and frequent information about potential threats. Utilizing
questionnaire survey data from a sample of airport employees in European
Airports across the continent, we analyzed how both formal and informal
sources of security information affect employee’s decisions to comply with
the security rules and directives. This led us to trace information network flows
to assess its impact on the degree employees making security decisions comply
or deviate with the prescribed security rules. The results of the multivariate
analysis showed that security information obtained through formal and informal
networks differentially determine if employees will comply or not with the
rules. Information sources emanating from the informal network tends to encourage
employees to be more flexible in their security decisions while formal
sources lead them to be more rigid with complying with rules and protocols. These
results suggest that alongside the formal administrative structure of airports, there exists a diverse and pervasiveness set of informal communications networks that are a potent
factor in determining airport security levels.
2012
- Employees Compliance to Security Regulations: A Myth or Reality?
[Articolo su rivista]
Kirschenbaum, A.; Lubasz, S.; Rapaport, C.; Mariani, Michele; Van Gulijk, C.
abstract
The basis for effective operation in most organizations, if not all, is the administrative rules, procedures and protocols that determine how and when decisions take place, let alone what those decisions should be. This makes rule compliance the backbone of organizations; especially high risk ones like airports. Yet, our recent research has suggested that low rule compliance is very common among security employees. How therefore can managers deal with this reality? An exploratory ethnographic study and a comprehensive field survey, as part of a larger EU sponsored research project, has demonstrated that employees do NOT always follow rules and regulations when making a security related decision, both during daily routines and during times of crisis. We found, however, that enabling and supporting the employees' tendency to consult others when making security related decisions reverses this trend; as decisions made by groups were found to be more likely to comply with rules and regulations. The practical implication of these findings and best practice insights are discussed.
2012
- Look What I Am Doing: Does Observational Learning Take Place in Evocative Task-Sharing Situations?
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferraro, Luca; Iani, Cristina; Mariani, Michele; R., Nicoletti; V., Gallese; Rubichi, Sandro
abstract
Two experiments were conducted to investigate whether physical and observational practice in task-sharing entail
comparable implicit motor learning. To this end, the social-transfer-of-learning (SToL) effect was assessed when both
participants performed the joint practice task (Experiment 1 – complete task-sharing), or when one participant observed the
other performing half of the practice task (Experiment 2 – evocative task-sharing). Since the inversion of the spatial relations
between responding agent and stimulus position has been shown to prevent SToL, in the present study we assessed it in
both complete and evocative task-sharing conditions either when spatial relations were kept constant or changed from the
practice to the transfer session. The same pattern of results was found for both complete and evocative task-sharing, thus
suggesting that implicit motor learning in evocative task-sharing is equivalent to that obtained in complete task-sharing.
We conclude that this motor learning originates from the simulation of the complementary (rather than the imitative)
action.
2012
- Security profiling of airport employees: Complying with the rules
[Articolo su rivista]
Kirschenbaum, A.; Rapaport, C.; Lubasz, S.; Mariani, Michele; Van Gulijk, C.
abstract
Recent evidence has shown that airport security decisions frequently fail to follow rules and procedures.
Investigating this phenomenon through an analysis of data garnered from ethnographic and field surveys of
European airports suggests that propensity to bend or ignore the rules can be associated with three distinct
airport employee types, namely the ‘adaptive’,‘social interactive’ and ‘compliant bureaucratic’ . Each employee
security profile is characterised in terms of the degree of rule compliance.‘Adaptive’ employees are likely to
bend rules.‘Social interactive’ rely primarily on group decision making, and ‘compliant bureaucratic’ are allied
with the administrative and security regulations.These findings should alert security officials to the possibility
of leveraging such employee profiles in terms of human resource recruitment and physical distribution within
the airport organisation to take advantage of specific requirements in the operation of the airport.
2012
- Trusting technology: Security decision making at airports.
[Articolo su rivista]
Kirschenbaum, A.; Mariani, Michele; Van Gulijk, C.; Rapaport, C.; Lubasz, S.
abstract
Security at airports heavily depends on the utilization of sophisticated technology for identifying threats. Yet the decisions about what to do next are dependent on interpretations made by employees. Analyzing data from a field survey of airport employees across European airports, we sought to identify how trust in security technology affects the implementation of security rules and regulations. An analysis of 514 respondents from surveys in eight airports in Europe demonstrated that compliance with security rules and protocols was related to two main categories of trust in technology: one oriented to the technology itself and the other to technology as a means of catching offenders. A further multivariate analysis showed that security decisions by each 'trusting' group tended to reflect its degree of commitment to the organizations' administrative guidelines and the organizations’ security attitude. It is demonstrated that this has implications for training and recruitment of security employees for airport security.
2011
- Action observation causes implicit transfer of learning in task-sharing.
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Rubichi, Sandro; Ferraro, Luca; Iani, Cristina; Mariani, Michele; V., Gallese; R., Nicoletti
abstract
The aim of the present study was to investigate whether the implicit transfer of learning found in task-sharing situations occurs when one of the two participants observes the other. To this aim, two experiments using the social transfer of learning paradigm (Milanese et al., 2010) were conducted in which one of the participants observed the other performing a practice task. Then, both participants performed a joint Simon task. Results showed a modulation of the joint performance (i.e., the social Simon task), indicative of implicit transfer of learning, in both the agent and the observer. Thus, transfer of learning occurs even if the practice task is not actually performed hence indicating that both the agent and the observer co-represent the task as involving two co-acting partners. On the whole, these results suggest that shared representations are based on motor parameters.
2011
- Economia della conoscenza e creatività
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Montanari, Fabrizio; Mariani, Michele
abstract
Questo capitolo si pone l'obiettivo di analizzare le diverse concezioni di creatività per comprendere come, passando da una visione individuale di creatività ad un'altra più sociale, diventi critico analizzare e capire le caratteristiche del contesto di riferimento e delle interazioni che esistono tra i diversi attori. Per raggiungere tale obiettivo, analizzeremo innanzitutto quei cambiamenti, avvenuti negli ultimi decenni nelle economie dei Paesi più avanzati, che hanno posto all’ordine del giorno l’importanza della creatività come leva strategica per lo sviluppo economico delle imprese e dei territori. Successivamente, passeremo in rassegna le diverse concezioni di creatività per capire quali fattori possono stimolarla oppure ostacolarla. Infine, approfondiremo la concezione di creatività come processo sociale analizzando il ruolo delle dinamiche relazionali.
2011
- Facilitation and interference components in the joint Simon task
[Articolo su rivista]
Ferraro, Luca; Iani, Cristina; Mariani, Michele; N., Milanese; Rubichi, Sandro
abstract
Two experiments were conducted to assess whether the joint Simon effect is composed of facilitation and interference and whether facilitation is increased by a joint spatially compatible practice performed before performing the joint Simon task. In both experiments, participants were required to perform a Simon task along another person. Trials could be corresponding, non-corresponding, and neutral. In Experiment 1, participants performed only the Simon task. In Experiment 2, participants first practiced on a joint spatial compatibility task with a compatible mapping and, after a 5-min delay, transferred to a joint Simon task. Results indicated that the joint Simon effect consisted primarily of interference, which was significantly increased by a spatially compatible practice performed jointly. These results allow us to better define in what ways the presence of the other influences performance, in showing that when participants perform a task along with another individual, they display a disadvantage (i.e., slower RTs) when they have to respond to stimuli appearing on the other agent's side.
2010
- Per quale ragione l'effetto Simon sociale è di minore entità rispetto a quello individuale?
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Ferraro, Luca; Milanese, Nadia; Iani, Cristina; Mariani, Michele; Rubichi, Sandro
abstract
InunclassicocompitoSimonsievidenzianorispostepiùvelociepiùaccuratequandolaposizionedicomparsadellostimoloelaposizionedellarispostacorrettacorrispondono(stimoloadestra,rispostacorrettaadestra)rispettoaquandoessenoncorrispondono(stimoloadestrarispostacorrettaasinistra).RecentistudihannodimostratocheseduepartecipantieseguonoilcompitoSimoninsiemeedinmodocomplementare,laprestazioneèsimileaquandoilcompitoèsvoltoindividualmente(Sebanzetal.,2003).Analogamenteallaprestazioneindividuale,untrainingspazialecondivisoconmappingstimolo-risposta(S-R)incompatibileèingradodieliminarel'effettoSimon(Milaneseetal.,2010).Questoeffetto(definitoSimonsociale)ètuttaviadiminoreentitàrispettoaquelloindividuale.Scopodiquestolavoroèindagareselaminorentitàdell’effettoSimonsocialedipendadaunaminoreentitàdiunasuacomponente(facilitazioneeinterferenza,sivedaUmiltàetal.,1999)odaunaminoreentitàdientrambelecomponenti.Inoltre,vistalaminoreentitàdell’effettoSimonsociale,sivuoleindagareseuntrainingspazialecondivisoconmappingS-Rcompatibileaumentil'entitàdell'effetto.
2009
- Fostering web based creative thinking for radical, user led innovation in sustainable EU transport
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Panajoli, Simone
abstract
Creative thinking is a key skill for both problem finding andproblem solving. However, 'pure' creativity tools, such as 'inthe box' and 'out of the box' techniques: i) offer low supportfor the menagement of the social dynamics of innovation,being poorly integrated with an overall process of userinvolvement, and ii) scarcely capitalize the new opportunitiesoffered by the web. The first phase of the 2009-10 EU fundedSupport Action Project U-Stir, is targeted to definerequirements for new tools which enable web-based creativethinking for user-led, radical, and sustainable innovation inEU surface transport .
2009
- Interruzioni spontanee nella gestione dei compiti multipli
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Ferraro, Luca; Mariani, Michele
abstract
E’ stato ampiamente dimostrato come interrompere momentaneamentel'esecuzione di un compito (primario) per svolgerne un altro (secondario)influisca sensibilmente sulla prestazione complessiva, ma anche sulla noia esullo sforzo percepito (Bayley e Konstan, 2006). Si è anche potuto stabilireche durante lo svolgimento di un compito, il carico cognitivo non è costante,bensì presenta un andamento caratterizzato da punti di alto workload e dibasso workload. Questi ultimi sembrano essere tutti coincidenti con le zone diconfine tra le sotto unità che compongono il compito (subtask boundaries)(Bailey e Iqbal, 2008).Obiettivo di questo studio è di verificare se i soggetti, lasciati liberi di deciderequando interrompersi durante l'esecuzione di un compito per eseguirne unosecondario, utilizzino spontaneamente i momenti di basso workload o seadottino strategie alternative.
2009
- Psicologia del multitasking
[Articolo su rivista]
Mariani, Michele; Ferraro, Luca
abstract
Telefonate, e-mail, messaggi, documenti digitali, news on line: gli uffici si stanno trasformando in maniera sempre più prepotente nella palestra dove allenarsi a gestire attività multiple accompagnate da interruzioni continue. L'ingresso delle tecnologie informatiche nella vita quotidiana e soprattutto nei luoghi di lavoro rende il multitasking una condizione onnipresente, di cui tutti abbiamo esperienza. Ma quante e quali attività differenti siamo in grado di gestire? Come influisce il multitasking sulle prestazioni lavorative e sui vissuti soggettivi? E' cognitivamente sostenibile?
2009
- Sospensione dell'incredulità e false credenze: una verifica sperimentale
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Marini, Maddalena; Altoè, G.; Rubichi, Sandro
abstract
La sospensione dello scetticismo è un atteggiamento che consiste nell’accettare delle affermazioni sospendendo il giudizio di veridicità delle stesse. Quindi consideraremomentaneamente come vere delle affermazioni che altrimenti giudicheremmo come false.Gilbert e colleghi (Gilbert, Krull, & Malone, 1990) sostengono che la sospensione dell’incredulità, e la conseguente accettazione di ogni affermazione come vera, sia un processoautomatico e condizione necessaria per comprendere. Le persone quindi avrebbero una scarsa capacità di mantenere un atteggiamento scettico o di non farsi influenzare daaffermazioni non veritiere se sottoposte a carico cognitivo o a limiti temporali.L’obiettivo di questo studio è di testare tali assunzioni in due esperimenti.
2009
- User driven stimulation of radical new technological step in surface transport - The passenger rail example
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Cebrat, G.; Mariani, Michele; Fabian, P.
abstract
Supported by a concrete example, the paper explains the U-STIR project methodology with regards to the User Driven Stimulation of Radical New Technological Step in Surface Transport. The introduction develops the problem setting, depicting the performance characteristics from the user’s point of view. In the next part of the paper the key elements of the project are worked out. Radical innovation is defined, as well as incubation of innovation. An outline of the potential methodology is given on how to lateral thinking is used to create innovative approaches. An Innovation Incubator consists of an analysis of information flow, time constraints and stability for the solution in four domains: user acceptance, business model, environment acceptance and availability of technologies to implement the idea. Adding to offering support to innovators - incubating ideas - U-STIR will provide a networking hub; linking research institutions and the business sector and depicting related knowledge and skills to help innovators in the network. A web-based innovation tool shall support the implementation of the aforementioned methodological knowledge
2008
- From here to there: Relevant experiences from Higher Education institutions
[Curatela]
Baumgartl, B.; Mariani, Michele
abstract
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2008
- In search of the Holy Grail. The utopian matching between education,competence and (better) jobs
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Mariani, Michele
abstract
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2008
- Monitoring time-headway in car-following task
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Fiorani, Matteo; Mariani, Michele; Minin, Luca; Montanari, Roberto
abstract
This study investigates the effect of the follower and leader vehicles’ speed on time headway variation during deceleration in a car-following task. Significant results were found in deceleration onset; headway varies significantly when absolute and relative follower speed are high. These results suggest possible application in the tuning of in-vehicle advanced system for longitudinal safety control.
2007
- Design of an Adaptive Feedback Based Steering Wheel
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Dell'Amico, Mauro; Marzani, Stefano; Minin, Luca; Montanari, Roberto; Tesauri, Francesco; Mariani, Michele; Iani, Cristina; Tango, F.
abstract
This paper aims at describing the architectural model of an adaptiveforce-feedback for a By Wire steering wheel system. This solution uses asteering wheel to replicate the reactive torque law which allows the driver tocomplete a precise driving scenario or a task with the higher performances.Then, the steering wheel adapts the reactive torque to the driving scenario.Since the design of this system considers the driver performances, it is calledErgonomic Steer-By-Wire. Now a prototype version of the ESBW is connectedon a professional driving simulator and several tests are going to be conductedin order to tune the system components. Adapting the force feedback to thedriving scenario could be a solution for improving driver’s safety and vehiclecontrol.
2007
- Manuale di Psicologia del Lavoro
[Monografia/Trattato scientifico]
Mariani, Michele
abstract
Efficacia ed efficienza di un contesto produttivo dipendono dal mantenimento di un equilibrio sostenibile tra esiti organizzativi (profitto) ed esiti individuali (soddisfazione e benessere), sempre in relazione dialettica tra loro. Obiettivo della Psicologia del Lavoro è sostenere l'azione organizzativa per migliorare i risultati operativi dell'impresa e assicurare una buona qualità dell'esperienza lavorativa alle persone che ne fanno parte. Il testo è concepito per offrire una panoramica ampia ed aggiornata dei costrutti teorici, dei saperi di base e degli strumenti che la disciplina offre per comprendere quali siano i fattori ambientali e psicosociali che contribuiscono all'efficienza dell'organizzazione da un lato e al benessere di chi vi lavora dall'altro. I contenuti sono sviluppati privilegiando la chiarezza espositiva, i fondamenti scientifici e le pubblicazioni internazionali più recenti. Accanto ai temi più 'classici' della Psicologia del Lavoro (e.g. selezione, formazione, valutazione, stress) vengono presentati alcuni approcci emergenti (e.g. comunità di pratiche, gestione delle attività multiple, prestazione contestuale) che testimoniano come la ricerca di settore sia in grado di elaborare modelli interpretativi al passo con le trasformazioni rapide e continue del contesto occupazionale.
2007
- Visual guidance in car-following tasks
[Abstract in Atti di Convegno]
Fiorani, M.; Mariani, Michele
abstract
We investigated visual control of braking in the situation of decelerating behind a lead vehicle under normal driving conditions, without asking the subjects to make soft collisions with encountered obstacles. According to our research hypothesis – extending Fajen's (Fajen, B.R., 2005, Journal of Experimental Psychology: Human Perception and Performance, 31(5), 1107-1123) model for braking – both preferred headway and ideal deceleration are controlled during car-following. When moving obstacles are encountered , headway – final time gap from vehicle ahead at the ending of deceleration – is controlled, but when static obstacles are encountered, headway information is discarded, as it does not provide salient information for future collision avoidance. Subjects performed a simulated driving task in which subject vehicle absolute speed, lead vehicle size, and subject/lead vehicle relative speed were independently manipulated. Analysis focused on ideal deceleration at the onset of braking, and headway an the end of braking. A first account of optic variables used to specify preferred headway is presented, including distance, optical angle, expansion rate, and global optic flow rate (GOFR).
2006
- Human Factors in off-highway vehicles - Design and prototyping of a control and information visualization system
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Tesauri, F; Iani, Cristina; Mariani, Michele; Rubichi, Sandro; Marzani, S; Montanari, R.
abstract
Human Factors in off-highway vehicles - Design and prototyping of a control and information visualization system
2005
- Saspence - Safe Speed And Safe Distance: Project Overview and Customer Benefit Analysis of a Novel Driver’s Collision Avoidance Support System
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Fiorani, M.; Mariani, Michele; Tango, F.; Saroldi, A.
abstract
In Europe, a considerable amount of lives lost in traffic accidents is due to inappropriate vehiclespeed or inappropriate headway. Excessive speed is acknowledged as one of the major causes ofaccidents being responsible for about one-third of crashes, and contributing to the death of around1.200 people each year and more than 100.000 injuries. In addition, rear-end and chain accidents,which are mainly caused by inappropriate headways, altogether account for another 15% of all roadaccidents. In order to improve driving safety it is therefore of great importance to develop anintelligent system that helps the driver in reducing risky and dangerous situations related to theaforementioned factors. Such a system is the goal of the SAPENCE Project (part of IP PREVENT).The safety gains that are expected from systems capable to appropriately warn the driver in case ofexcessive speed and small headway look very promising.
2004
- Alice e don Chisciotte. Immagini nel testo o immagini del testo?
[Curatela]
Cipolloni, Marco; L., Coveri; Mariani, Michele; L., Stagno
abstract
L'AMERICA LATINA COME LUOGO ESOTICO NELLA CANZONE E NEL FUMETTO D'AUTORE
2004
- Developing a Near Infrared Based Night Vision System
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Bellotti, C.; Bellotti, F.; De Gloria, A.; Andreone, L.; Mariani, Michele
abstract
The European Project EDEL “Enhanced driver’s perception in poor visibility" (www.edel-eu.org) is a three years project co funded by the European Commission INFSO within the initiatives of the 5th framework programme. The project is coordinated by Centro Ricerche Fiat and project partners are: Jaguar Cars Limited, Robert Bosch GmbH, Universität Karlsruhe (TH), Osram Opto Semiconductors GmbH & Co. OHG, Hella KG Hueck & Co., Università degli Studi di Genova DIBE and Università degli Studi di Siena, Communication Sciences Department. The project’s aim is to develop a fully integrated driver support system for night vision application based on newly developed technologies. This paper presents the results of the first project phase related to the concept of driver’s interaction with the system
2004
- EDEL: Developing a Second Generation Night-Vision System
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Bellotti, C.; Bellotti, F.; De Gloria, A.; Andreone, L.; Koos, D.; Mariani, Michele
abstract
N/A
2004
- La tauromaquia dos veces “ilustrada”. Grabados de suertes y cogidas en la iconografía taurina del “entresiglos español
[Curatela]
Cipolloni, Marco; L., Coveri; Mariani, Michele; L., Stagno
abstract
L'AMERICA LATINA COME LUOGO ESOTICO NELLA CANZONE E NEL FUMETTO D'AUTORE
2004
- The value of internal knowledge: work process knowledge and corporate restructuring
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Mariani, Michele; Mazza, M.
abstract
Bringing evidences from recently performed studies in the research centre of world leading chemical company, we will first argue for the importance of the concept of internal knowledge, especially Work Process Knowledge, in corporate restructuring, and then discuss three examples on how such knowledge can be valued, maintained and transferred.
2003
- Customer Benefit in User Centered Design of a novel Driver's vision enhancement support system
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Andreone, L.
abstract
One third of road accidents occur in night, so a consistent benefit would derive from theintroduction of a vision enhancement system. The degree to which such system will besuccessful is related to the extent to which users' needs are taken into account. For this reason,the EU 5th Framework EDEL Project has adopted a User Centred Design cycle (UCD). Thepaper discusses three tasks that are directly related with UCD: customer benefit, scenarios ofuse, human factors tests.
2003
- Edel EU Project: User requirements and customer benefit analysis in the design of a novel driver support system for night vision
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Palmieri, S.; Andreone, L.; Tango, F.
abstract
EDEL is a three years R&D project funded within the European Fifth Framework IST programme for Intelligent Transport Systems. The project main goal resides in the development of an advanced vision enhancement system for night driving based on: near infrared sensors, a novel illumination system, and an innovative human machine interface. EDEL's expected impact is on safety in road transport, in the prevention of accidents and consequent fatalities and injuries. Infrared imaging may be well-suited to night conditions only if the information is displayed to the driver adequately. An appropriate consideration of user requirements in the design phase will increase EDEL benefits and customer acceptance. Authors of this paper devised a focus group concept that was conceived to identify both customer benefit and initial system performances specification. Groups were defined to represent both those people who are most exposed at incidents when driving at night (young and elderly) and the majority of the driving population (middle aged). This approach allowed to come up with a set of unified requirements for the system to be designed.
2003
- Work process knowledge and organisational learning
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Röben, P.
abstract
The transfer and improvement of Work Process Knowledge (WPK) are the goals of two chemical companies studied in a European research project in which measures of Organisational Learning were thoroughly investigated
2003
- Work process knowledge in a chemical company
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Mariani, Michele
abstract
A growing number of researchers in the field of industrial sociology, organizational development and related disciplines perceive a need for organizational theories and models that break from the tradition of scientific management (Taylor 1947). In large measure, this is due to the rapid pace of product innovation, the widespread diffusion of ICTs and the growth of sectors other than manufacturing. Among the new theoretical approaches are those representing organizations as organic systems (Burns 1963), sense-making environments (Weick 1995), learning organizations (Nonaka and Takeuchi 1995) and knowledge networks (Conklin 1996; Davenport et al. 1998). Locating itself within this field, the European research network WHOLE (Boreham and Lammont 2001) focused its activity on the concept of work process knowledge as a key construct for explaining success in the highly competitive marketplace of today.
2002
- Comunicar: Designing multimodal interaction for advanced in-vehicle interface
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Mariani, Michele
abstract
The paper reports on the work done in the initial phases of the European InformationSociety and Technology (IST) Project Comunicar. Eleven partners co-operate in theproject, including leading European car industry, suppliers, and universities.Comunicar has the ambitious goal of designing a multimodal driver-vehicle interfacethat integrates a large number of state of the art services and devices. Theintroduction of such systems puts forward a number of problems related to potentialinterference with the primary task of driving, ease of use, and acceptance for endusers. The approach adopted here was to define the initial specifications for thedesign of multimodal interaction compliant with the major findings stemming fromthe Human Factors research tradition.
2002
- Dynamic Information Management for Advanced In-Vehicle Human Machine Communication
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Montanari, Roberto
abstract
nn
2002
- Work Process Knowledge: Evidences and implications from a case study in a chemical research centre
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Mariani, Michele
abstract
nn
2001
- Effetti persuasivi della comunicazione nella selezione dei siti internet
[Articolo su rivista]
Mariani, Michele
abstract
Internet é diventato per molti il primo strumento cui rivolgersi per acquisire informazione. Tuttavia i problemi non mancano. In particolare, il problema principale si può riassumere nell'osservazione che non basta avere a disposizione milioni di fonti per trovare ciò che si cerca. Al contrario, la vastità delle risorse può diventare un ostacolo insormontabile. La ricerca di un certo volume in una biblioteca, ad esempio, é semplificata dall'esistenza di un sistema di archiviazione standard che permette l'individuazione rapida del testo cercato. Diversamente, nel caso della ricerca in rete, i 'volumi' non sono ordinati secondo alcun criterio, ma semplicemente ammassati e resi disponibili. Per questo, spesso, trovare ciò che si cerca equivale alla classica situazione di cercare un ago in un pagliaio. Le ricerche che di recente si sono occupate dello studio del comportamento d'uso dei motori di ricerca (p. es.: Koenemann e altri 1996; Shneiderman e altri.; 1998; Eastman, 1999) si sono concentrate prevalentemente sulle condizioni di efficacia/efficienza del loro funzionamento, trascurando l'analisi degli elementi motivazionali (riferibili all'utente) e più propriamente comunicativi (riferibili al formato di presentazione del messaggio) dell'interazione. In questo senso, lo studio che viene presentato di seguito rappresenta un tentativo di riavvicinare teoria e ricerca sperimentale nell'ambito delle tecnologie della comunicazione. Facendo riferimento ad un modello teorico più volte sperimentato la ricerca si focalizza, rispetto alle quattro fasi più sopra riportate, sulla fase di rassegna per comprendere come la rilevanza soggettiva influenzi le strategie decisionali su cui si basa la selezione della fonte informativa.
2001
- Enforcing benefits of workplace learning in the era of temporary jobs
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele
abstract
A case study is briefly summarized were temporary workers, after 3 to 5 months of training, are effectively introduced in teams for a 12 months contracts. The case is taken to raise some issues on the conditions that, in the context of temporary jobs and intense workplace learning processes, enforce the benefits for both the company and temporary workers.
2001
- Ergonomics for Quality of Working Life in Services
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Bagnara, S.; Mariani, Michele; Parlangeli, O.
abstract
nn
2001
- Fasi iniziali della progettazione centrata sull'utente per sistemi multimediali d'auto
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Montanari, Roberto; Bagnara, S.
abstract
Negli ambienti d'auto moderni si assiste ad una sempre crescente proliferazione di sistemi per l'informazione, l'intrattenimento e il supporto alla guida. L'introduzione di tali sistemi pone non poche difficoltà legate all'interferenza con l'attività primaria della guida, alla facilità d'uso e alle modalità d'interazione. Il progetto europeo COMUNICAR ha come oggetto la realizzazione di un prototipo d'interfaccia multimediale di bordo che integri al suo interno un gran numero di servizi e tecnologie allo stato dell'arte e realizzi modalità d'interazione veicolo-guidatore innovative, con caratteristiche di elevata usabilità e sicurezza. Per realizzare tali obiettivi COMUNICAR adotta, ad iniziare dalle sue fasi preliminari, una strategia di progettazione centrata sull'utente. In questo lavoro verranno esposti in particolare metodo e risultati relativi alla fase di rilevazione di bisogni dell'utenza
2001
- Organisational Learning: towards a unified view of individuals, work, and society
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Mariani, Michele
abstract
nn
2000
- Knowledge organisation stress. The case of news services.
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Bagnara, S.
abstract
nn
2000
- Predictability of individual psychosocial state for the low back pain. A longitudinal study in a cohort of nursing student
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Baldasseroni, A.; Tartaglia, R.; Mariani, Michele; Zoppi, O.; Carnevale, E.
abstract
nn
2000
- Understanding the user in electronic commerce
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele
abstract
Electronic commerce has rapidly become a reality giving rise to significant changes in the relationship between vendor/client and thus deserving a deep analysis. In the present scenario, businesses are called upon to provide products that are becoming more and more like services, and the client is invited to enter into a form of relationship marketing. In reference to this aspect of the development of electronic commerce, the present paper proposes a taxonomy of user/client behavior with reference to three factors a) the behavior of users in regard to the supplier of products b) the behavior of users within the Net c) the way in which users process the information content of messages elaborated by product supplier.
2000
- Usability Issues when Applying Virtual Reality in Education and Training: A Case Study
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Parlangeli, O.; Palmieri, S.; Mariani, Michele; Tartaglia, R.; Arcangeli, G.; Bagnara, S.
abstract
Virtual Reality (VR) is an innovative technology that has found valuable application in the field of education. However, evaluation of the effectiveness of virtual environments, especially for training and education, is still an open issue. The study described here was performed within the European SAFE Vecwit project (Virtual Environment for Construction Workers Instruction and Training), aimed at the development of a virtual environment for the enhancement of risk perception and the consequent reduction of occupational injuries in construction workplaces. An experiment was carried out to assess system's usability and educational effectiveness of the environment. The evaluation highlights some relevant issues for VR environment design.
1999
- Information Technologies in Services: Old and New Problems
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Parlangeli, O.; Bracci, M.; Bagnara, S.
abstract
Human factors information technology design and introduction in the workplace will be discussed with respect to the service sector. Such sector should be one of the main ergonomics field of study, given the fact that it actually employs a still growing majority of the workforce. The first part of the paper is concerned with a tentative conceptual framework for the analysis of the client-performer relation. The authors' thesis is that such relation should be the focus of ergonomic intervention in services. In the second part an ergonomic evaluation of a call center project, performed by experts in human-computer interaction, will be described. Such a project is particularly relevant, given the fact that it is characterized by a highly structured process flow with a large amount of data to be requested over the conversation that takes place during each phone call. Results from the study will be discussed taking into account the technological and organisational aspects of the project. Finally, such results will be taken as evidence that account for the old and new problems of the design and introduction of information technology in the workplace.
1999
- Newcomers Training as an Opportunity for Improved Knowledge Management and some Controversial Aspects of Apprenticeship
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Parlangeli, O.
abstract
A very efficient process of temporary workers introduction and training will be documented. It will be stressed how newcomers can represent an opportunity for improved knowledge management. At the end of the paper some controversial aspects of apprenticeship and temporary jobs, deserving more research efforts, will be put forward.
1999
- Scienze cognitive e sociotecnica.
[Articolo su rivista]
Bagnara, S.; Mariani, Michele; Parlangeli, O.
abstract
The goal of the following contribution is to enlighten the common thread of the reasons why two coeval research traditions having similar interests and acting in very close fields of work have never come to an integration. The first part of the paper is devoted to understand the historical reasons why cognitive psychology and the socio-technical approach never talked each other. In the second part the authors will argue that the reasons of such a reciprocal invisibility are not valid any more and that the time has come to make an alliance and look for an integration between the two approaches. In the conclusion we will claim that the degree of overlapping between the two approaches is already so high that only a game of roles can justify the reciprocal blindness.
1999
- Teaching Design of Complex Interactive Systems
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Van der Veer, G. C.; Mariani, Michele
abstract
nn
1999
- Use of Virtual Reality for Instruction and Training of Young Construction Workers
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Arcangeli, G.; Del Bimbo, A.; Vicario, E.; A. s. s. f. a. l. g., J.; Bagnara, S.; Mariani, Michele; Parlangeli, O.; Tartaglia, R.
abstract
Falls from scaffolds are one of the most frequent causes of fatal or seriousinjuries in building and construction setting. To prevent such injuries, theavailability of effective education and training methods and tools is ofparamount importance. The one-year long EU (SAFE) project Vecwit(Virtual Environment for Construction Workers Training and Instruction)has been conceived to set up a virtual reality (VR) environment that shallserve as an educational tool for construction workers' education andtraining. Specifically, the project had two main goals: to improve trainees'risk perception and expertise on safe behaviours while working onscaffolds. The project foresaw four different steps. First, a preliminarydefinition of the technological platform was made. Second, task analysiswas performed to get a model of the more risk situations and define thescenarios to be implemented. Third, a VR prototype with the system's mainfeatures was developed. Finally, an ergonomic study was designed toevaluate both system's usability and training effectiveness. The studyinvolved two groups of eight young workers (novices and alreadyexperienced ones) who had to perform the following tasks:• filling in a pre-test questionnaire. Such a questionnaire was devised forassessing familiarity and attitude toward VR systems;• task oriented exploration of the VR prototype. The exploration tookplace in presence of an experimenter who took note of the user's errorsand other problems of interaction (e. g. get lost in virtual space)with thesystem;• filling in a post-test questionnaire. Such questionnaire was made up ofmultiple choice questions for the assessment of training goals(improvement of trainees' risk perception and expertise on safebehaviours).The ergonomic study resulted in a number of findings related toeducational effectiveness and specific usability problems related to VRsystems.
1998
- Ergonomia e qualità dei servizi
[Capitolo/Saggio]
Bagnara, S.; Mariani, Michele
abstract
nn
1997
- Designing the Information Cooperative for Harmonizing, Coordinating and Promoting Earth Observation Business Processes
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Rizzo, A.; Mariani, Michele; Zenié, A.; Bagnara, S.
abstract
The management of Earth Observation (EO) data is a difficult problem that the International Communities are tackling with different strategies. The European Centre for Earth Observation (CEO) is adopting a distributed solution for coordinating EO activities, aiming at the development of facilities for supporting the Information Cooperative, defined as the processes that go from the perception of the users' needs to the delivery of the product. Within the CEO programme, the authors have been involved in the pathfinder study ICSA (designing the Information Cooperative for Sharing and Analysing earth observation data). The study is concerned with the modalities for supporting flexible and dynamic communication, negotiation and business, among the users of EO data. The ICSA's goal is to come up with the organization and integration of services provided to the users by the CEO Coordination Facility (CCF).
1997
- The Quality of Working Life Assessment
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Parlangeli, O.; Bagnara, S.
abstract
Recent theories for change management correctly acknowledge the role of computer-based technologies as means to (re) design work organisations. However, a high rate of failures in renewing organisations still persist. Such failures have been attributed to a general lack of knowledge and methods to handle the human side of change. The Qualit project updates previous approaches to quality of working life and socio-technical system design, providing an approach that handles, among others, the cognitive aspects of change, devoting a special attention to quality of cognition in change processes.
1997
- Time and Space in Process Control. Proceedings of the Sixth European Conference on Cognitive Sciences Approaches to Process Control
[Curatela]
Bagnara, S.; Hollnagel, E.; Mariani, Michele; Norros, L.
abstract
nd
1996
- La rivoluzione industriale. Unità didattica multimediale di storia per alunni della scuola media
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Tallone Viti, G.; Bracci, M.; Mariani, Michele; Masini, M.; Tanzini, L.
abstract
nn
1995
- Cognitive Ergonomics and Empowering Organisation
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Mariani, Michele; Parlangeli, O.; Bagnara, S.; Mc Neive, A.; Downing, S. Ryan G. M.
abstract
nn
1995
- The Design of Cooperative System for Sharing Data
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Rizzo, A.; Mariani, Michele; Zeniè, A.; Castelfranchi, C.; Bagnara, S.
abstract
nn
1995
- The Quality of Working Life Concept
[Relazione in Atti di Convegno]
Downing, S.; Ryan, G.; Mc Neive, A.; Mariani, Michele; Parlangeli, O.
abstract
nn